Oil palm, fruit - Malaysia - 2010-2025

Name: Oil palm, fruit - Malaysia - 2010-2025
Creator: HESTIA
Published: 2025-05-01
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Life cycle assessment data for Oil palm, fruit - Malaysia - 2010-2025: environmental impacts, inputs and productivity — free and open on HESTIA.

Additional notes: the mean endDate of all aggregated Cycles is 2015

Functional unit: 1 ha
Start date: 2010
End date: 2025
Cycles aggregated: 10
Data quality score: 2

Products

Below ground crop residue: 180 kg dry matter
Oil palm, fruit: 19553 kg
Above ground crop residue, left on field: 12160 kg dry matter
Above ground crop residue, removed: 0 kg dry matter
Plastic, type unspecified: 0.041 kg
Above ground crop residue, burnt: 0 kg dry matter
Above ground crop residue, incorporated: 0 kg dry matter
Above ground crop residue, total: 12160 kg dry matter

Emissions

SO2, to air, inputs production: 0.26301673270584736 kg SO2
CO2, to air, above ground biomass stock change, management change: -8.4739084 kg CO2
N2O, to air, inputs production: 0.00046017332410907267 kg N2O
N2O, to air, aquaculture systems, direct: 0 kg N2O
SO2, to air, fuel combustion: 0.04425339056120407 kg SO2
CO2, to air, urea hydrolysis: 187.57171208228573 kg CO2
CO2, to air, inputs production: 36.22392762886168 kg CO2
Dichlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 1.3048017076263143e-7 kg CCl2F2
N2O, to air, crop residue decomposition, indirect: 0.0027358103594596673 kg N2O
Bromochlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 9.946737831131107e-8 kg CBrClF2
CO, to air, natural vegetation burning: 11.596 kg CO
NH3, to air, inputs production: 0.0008347113928517617 kg NH3
CO2, to air, inputs production: 1054.1018299704742 kg CO2
Dichlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 2.2793418487286747e-10 kg CCl2F2
SO2, to air, inputs production: 0.18802876136658028 kg SO2
Chlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 0.000002257585709645144 kg CHClF2
NOx, to air, crop residue burning: 0 kg NOx
Bromochlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 3.428992920130591e-10 kg CBrClF2
1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 6.3199603745493246e-9 kg C2Cl3F3
CH4, to air, aquaculture systems: 0 kg CH4
Chlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 3.7686404559878004e-7 kg CHClF2
NO3, to groundwater, organic fertiliser: 0 kg NO3
CH4, to air, enteric fermentation: 0 kg CH4
CH4, to air, waste treatment: 0 kg CH4
1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 7.848052724515476e-11 kg C2Cl3F3
Dichlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 0.000004645355171761561 kg CCl2F2
CO2, to air, below ground biomass stock change, land use change: 1222.1996587 kg CO2
Bromochlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 1.4243184849217076e-8 kg CBrClF2
NH3, to air, waste treatment: 0 kg NH3
Dichlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 1.5046411765154603e-8 kg CCl2F2
SO2, to air, inputs production: 0.0009101395966805106 kg SO2
CH4, to air, inputs production, non-fossil: 0.00028966019772676315 kg CH4
NO3, to groundwater, inorganic fertiliser: 0 kg NO3
N2O, to air, excreta, direct: 0 kg N2O
NOx, to air, inputs production: 0.08622569834208495 kg NOx
NOx, to air, inorganic fertiliser: 0.8257542290277121 kg NOx
1,1-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 1.202541411449053e-9 kg C2Cl2F4
NOx, to air, crop residue decomposition: 0.34539763776000015 kg NOx
N2O, to air, inputs production: 0.00022936844119885791 kg N2O
PM10, to air, animal housing: 0 kg PM10
CH4, to air, inputs production, fossil: 0.004672175231790726 kg CH4
NOx, to air, inputs production: 0.005022033865233857 kg NOx
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 2.1888728323859783e-8 kg C2H2F4
NOx, to air, inputs production: 0.020161791353019723 kg NOx
CO2, to air, inputs production: 24.683625506602688 kg CO2
SO2, to air, inputs production: 5.140738672238161 kg SO2
NOx, to air, excreta: 0 kg NOx
1,1-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 9.52708319324263e-9 kg C2Cl2F4
Bromochlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 0.000003984710238583983 kg CBrClF2
NOx, to air, inputs production: 0.0004386906584838668 kg NOx
CO2, to air, inputs production: 0.1421454457683894 kg CO2
N2O, to air, fuel combustion, direct: 0.006018461116323754 kg N2O
N2O, to air, inputs production: 1.8901274772080725 kg N2O
H2S, to air, waste treatment: 0 kg H2S
NOx, to air, aquaculture systems: 0 kg NOx
N2O, to air, inputs production: 0.000021699700898918826 kg N2O
SO2, to air, inputs production: 0.004888340556277913 kg SO2
N2O, to air, inorganic fertiliser, indirect: 0.37764884024320006 kg N2O
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 1.7015263951405887e-8 kg C2H2F4
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 1.0825466312048901e-9 kg C2H2F4
1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 2.498637642182657e-7 kg C2Cl3F3
CH4, to air, inputs production, non-fossil: 0.00003750831040104788 kg CH4
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 4.592501165360461e-9 kg C2H2F4
NO3, to groundwater, crop residue decomposition: 0 kg NO3
CH4, to air, excreta: 0 kg CH4
N2, to air, aquaculture systems: 0 kg N2
N2O, to air, organic soil cultivation, direct: 0.8857454744192885 kg N2O
NOx, to air, organic fertiliser: 0.027678283200000004 kg NOx
CO2, to air, soil organic carbon stock change, land use change: 0 kg CO2
SO2, to air, inputs production: 0.03413595702648546 kg SO2
NH3, to air, inorganic fertiliser: 22.207305184450966 kg NH3
N2O, to air, crop residue decomposition, direct: 1.1434141889055478 kg N2O
CH4, to air, inputs production, non-fossil: 0.031958585862668705 kg CH4
1,1-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 0.000006036512980836875 kg C2Cl2F4
NH3, to air, organic fertiliser: 0.42765630192669735 kg NH3
NH3, to air, inputs production: 0.005676293357564601 kg NH3
NH3, to air, aquaculture systems: 0 kg NH3
NH3, to air, inputs production: 0.9234788840578283 kg NH3
NH3, to air, crop residue burning: 0 kg NH3
CH4, to air, inputs production, non-fossil: 0.000005571125731768062 kg CH4
Dichlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 3.8860654113543547e-10 kg CCl2F2
CH4, to air, inputs production, fossil: 0.15557883947354958 kg CH4
CH4, to air, inputs production, fossil: 0.08224236549815872 kg CH4
1,1-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 6.650223636883359e-8 kg C2Cl2F4
NOx, to air, inputs production: 0.10022568630054575 kg NOx
N2O, to air, natural vegetation burning, direct: 0.0224 kg N2O
CO2, to air, organic soil cultivation: 12909.78938039626 kg CO2
N2O, to air, excreta, indirect: 0 kg N2O
PM2.5, to air, animal housing: 0 kg PM2.5
CH4, to air, inputs production, fossil: 0.04148542423225969 kg CH4
NH3, to air, inputs production: 0.00001892212112430998 kg NH3
NO3, to groundwater, inputs production: 0 kg NO3
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 0.000013679745721908717 kg C2H2F4
N2O, to air, inorganic fertiliser, direct: 4.049778290073249 kg N2O
NH3, to air, crop residue decomposition: 0 kg NH3
N2O, to air, organic fertiliser, direct: 0.05090387663311202 kg N2O
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, to air, inputs production: 7.253891387547866e-11 kg C2H2F4
CO2, to air, fuel combustion: 140.28324807901691 kg CO2
Bromochlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 2.5813996018710297e-9 kg CBrClF2
Chlorodifluoromethane, to air, inputs production: 2.453733412849502e-8 kg CHClF2

and 35 more.

Inputs

Glyphosate: 1.2 kg active ingredient
Pesticide unspecified (AI): 2.55 kg active ingredient
Phosphate Rock (kg P2O5): 21.6 kg P2O5
Lime: 40 kg CaCO3
Diesel: 44.25339056120407 kg
Cypermethrin: 0.155 kg active ingredient
Saplings, depreciated amount per Cycle: 6.006415320064551 number/Cycle
Electricity, grid, market mix: 0.004575178485314685 kWh
Machinery infrastructure, depreciated amount per Cycle: 1.9240604591827857 kg/functional unit/Cycle
Potassium Chloride (kg K2O): 63.8 kg K2O
Plastic, type unspecified: 0.041 kg
Triple Super Phosphate (kg P2O5): 2.8 kg P2O5
Inorganic Nitrogen fertiliser, unspecified (kg N): 89.24366400000001 kg N
Urea (kg N): 64.4 kg N
Inorganic Phosphorus fertiliser, unspecified (kg P2O5): 181.26153341935483 kg P2O5
Ammonium Sulphate (kg N): 7.26 kg N
Ammonium Nitrate (kg N): 0.2 kg N
Kieserite: 10.861979999999999 kg
Warfarin: 0.000105 kg active ingredient
Inorganic Potassium fertiliser, unspecified (kg K2O): 141.2734756923077 kg K2O
Manure, dry (kg N): 5.4 kg N
Single Super Phosphate (kg P2O5): 1 kg P2O5
Fungicide unspecified (AI): 0.0065 kg active ingredient

Practices

Residue removed: 0 %
Residue incorporated, less than 30 days before cultivation: 0 %
Residue incorporated: 0 %
Residue left on field: 100 %
Residue incorporated, more than 30 days before cultivation: 0 %
Residue burnt: 0 %
Smallholder system: 100 % area
Integrated pest management system: 100 % area
RSPO Certified Sustainable Palm Oil: 100 % area
MSPO Certified: 100 % area
Rainfed: 100 % area
Rotation duration: 9855 days
Long fallow duration: 730 days
Plantation density: 148.4 number
Plantation productive lifespan: 8504.5 days
Nursery duration: 395.6875 days
Plantation lifespan: 9234.5 days
Nursery density: 12500 number